feat: implement Schema module for versioned types

Add Schema module with functions for creating and migrating versioned
values. This provides the runtime foundation for schema evolution.

Schema module functions:
- Schema.versioned(typeName, version, value) - create versioned value
- Schema.migrate(value, targetVersion) - migrate to new version
- Schema.getVersion(value) - get version number

Changes:
- Add Versioned, Migrate, GetVersion builtins to interpreter
- Add Schema module to global environment
- Add Schema module type to type environment
- Add 4 tests for schema operations
- Add examples/versioning.lux demonstrating usage

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

examples/versioning.lux

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Demonstrating Schema Evolution in Lux
+//
+// Lux provides versioned types to help manage data evolution over time.
+// The Schema module provides functions for creating and migrating versioned values.
+//
+// Expected output:
+// Created user v1: Alice (age unknown)
+// User version: 1
+// Migrated to v2: Alice (age unknown)
+// User version after migration: 2
+
+// Create a versioned User value at v1
+fn createUserV1(name: String): Unit with {Console} = {
+    let user = Schema.versioned("User", 1, { name: name })
+    let version = Schema.getVersion(user)
+    Console.print("Created user v1: " + name + " (age unknown)")
+    Console.print("User version: " + toString(version))
+}
+
+// Migrate a user to v2
+fn migrateUserToV2(name: String): Unit with {Console} = {
+    let userV1 = Schema.versioned("User", 1, { name: name })
+    let userV2 = Schema.migrate(userV1, 2)
+    let newVersion = Schema.getVersion(userV2)
+    Console.print("Migrated to v2: " + name + " (age unknown)")
+    Console.print("User version after migration: " + toString(newVersion))
+}
+
+// Main
+fn main(): Unit with {Console} = {
+    createUserV1("Alice")
+    migrateUserToV2("Alice")
+}
+
+let output = run main() with {}

src/interpreter.rs

@@ -53,6 +53,11 @@ pub enum BuiltinFn {
     Print,
     ToString,
     TypeOf,
+
+    // Schema Evolution
+    Versioned,   // Create versioned value: versioned("TypeName", 1, value)
+    Migrate,     // Migrate to version: migrate(versionedValue, targetVersion)
+    GetVersion,  // Get version number: getVersion(versionedValue)
 }
 
 /// Runtime value
@@ -770,6 +775,20 @@ impl Interpreter {
         env.define("print", Value::Builtin(BuiltinFn::Print));
         env.define("toString", Value::Builtin(BuiltinFn::ToString));
         env.define("typeOf", Value::Builtin(BuiltinFn::TypeOf));
+
+        // Schema Evolution module
+        let schema_module = Value::Record(HashMap::from([
+            (
+                "versioned".to_string(),
+                Value::Builtin(BuiltinFn::Versioned),
+            ),
+            ("migrate".to_string(), Value::Builtin(BuiltinFn::Migrate)),
+            (
+                "getVersion".to_string(),
+                Value::Builtin(BuiltinFn::GetVersion),
+            ),
+        ]));
+        env.define("Schema", schema_module);
     }
 
     /// Execute a program
@@ -1860,6 +1879,72 @@ impl Interpreter {
                     args[0].type_name().to_string(),
                 )))
             }
+
+            // Schema Evolution
+            BuiltinFn::Versioned => {
+                // versioned(typeName: String, version: Int, value: Any) -> Versioned
+                if args.len() != 3 {
+                    return Err(err("Schema.versioned requires 3 arguments: typeName, version, value"));
+                }
+                let type_name = match &args[0] {
+                    Value::String(s) => s.clone(),
+                    _ => return Err(err("Schema.versioned: first argument must be a String")),
+                };
+                let version = match &args[1] {
+                    Value::Int(n) => *n as u32,
+                    _ => return Err(err("Schema.versioned: second argument must be an Int")),
+                };
+                Ok(EvalResult::Value(Value::Versioned {
+                    type_name,
+                    version,
+                    value: Box::new(args[2].clone()),
+                }))
+            }
+
+            BuiltinFn::Migrate => {
+                // migrate(value: Versioned, targetVersion: Int) -> Versioned
+                if args.len() != 2 {
+                    return Err(err("Schema.migrate requires 2 arguments: value, targetVersion"));
+                }
+                let target = match &args[1] {
+                    Value::Int(n) => *n as u32,
+                    _ => return Err(err("Schema.migrate: second argument must be an Int")),
+                };
+                match &args[0] {
+                    Value::Versioned { type_name, version, value } => {
+                        if *version == target {
+                            // Same version, return as-is
+                            Ok(EvalResult::Value(args[0].clone()))
+                        } else if *version < target {
+                            // Upgrade - for now just update version (no migration logic)
+                            Ok(EvalResult::Value(Value::Versioned {
+                                type_name: type_name.clone(),
+                                version: target,
+                                value: value.clone(),
+                            }))
+                        } else {
+                            Err(err(&format!(
+                                "Cannot downgrade from version {} to {}",
+                                version, target
+                            )))
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => Err(err("Schema.migrate: first argument must be a Versioned value")),
+                }
+            }
+
+            BuiltinFn::GetVersion => {
+                // getVersion(value: Versioned) -> Int
+                if args.len() != 1 {
+                    return Err(err("Schema.getVersion requires 1 argument"));
+                }
+                match &args[0] {
+                    Value::Versioned { version, .. } => {
+                        Ok(EvalResult::Value(Value::Int(*version as i64)))
+                    }
+                    _ => Err(err("Schema.getVersion: argument must be a Versioned value")),
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 

src/main.rs

@@ -1333,6 +1333,50 @@ c")"#;
             assert!(err_msg.contains("outside") || err_msg.contains("Resume"),
                 "Error should mention resume outside handler: {}", err_msg);
         }
+
+        // Schema Evolution tests
+        #[test]
+        fn test_schema_versioned() {
+            let source = r#"
+                let user = Schema.versioned("User", 1, { name: "Alice", age: 30 })
+                let version = Schema.getVersion(user)
+            "#;
+            let (result, _) = run_with_effects(source, Value::Unit, Value::Unit).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(result, "1");
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn test_schema_migrate_same_version() {
+            let source = r#"
+                let user = Schema.versioned("User", 2, { name: "Bob" })
+                let migrated = Schema.migrate(user, 2)
+                let version = Schema.getVersion(migrated)
+            "#;
+            let (result, _) = run_with_effects(source, Value::Unit, Value::Unit).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(result, "2");
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn test_schema_migrate_upgrade() {
+            let source = r#"
+                let user = Schema.versioned("User", 1, { name: "Charlie" })
+                let migrated = Schema.migrate(user, 3)
+                let version = Schema.getVersion(migrated)
+            "#;
+            let (result, _) = run_with_effects(source, Value::Unit, Value::Unit).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(result, "3");
+        }
+
+        #[test]
+        fn test_schema_migrate_downgrade_fails() {
+            let source = r#"
+                let user = Schema.versioned("User", 3, { name: "Dave" })
+                let migrated = Schema.migrate(user, 1)
+            "#;
+            let result = run_with_effects(source, Value::Unit, Value::Unit);
+            assert!(result.is_err());
+            assert!(result.unwrap_err().contains("downgrade"));
+        }
     }
 
     // Diagnostic rendering tests

src/types.rs

@@ -1115,6 +1115,29 @@ impl TypeEnv {
             TypeScheme::mono(Type::function(vec![Type::var()], Type::String)),
         );
 
+        // Schema module for versioned types
+        let schema_module_type = Type::Record(vec![
+            (
+                "versioned".to_string(),
+                Type::function(
+                    vec![Type::String, Type::Int, Type::var()],
+                    Type::var(), // Returns Versioned (treated as Any for now)
+                ),
+            ),
+            (
+                "migrate".to_string(),
+                Type::function(
+                    vec![Type::var(), Type::Int],
+                    Type::var(), // Returns Versioned
+                ),
+            ),
+            (
+                "getVersion".to_string(),
+                Type::function(vec![Type::var()], Type::Int),
+            ),
+        ]);
+        env.bind("Schema", TypeScheme::mono(schema_module_type));
+
         env
     }